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letter notation
In music, letter notation is a system of representing a set of pitches, for example, the notes of a scale, by letters. For the complete Western diatonic scale, for example, these would be the letters A-G, possibly with a trailing symbol to indicate a half-step raise--(a ''sharp'' ), or a half-step lowering (flat, ). This is the most common way of specifying a note in speech or in written text in English or German. In some European countries H is used instead of B, and B is used instead of B.
Western letter pitch notation has the virtue of identifying discrete pitches, but among its disadvantages are its occasional inability to represent pitches or inflections lying outside those theoretically derived, or (leaving aside chordal and tablature notations) representing the relationship between pitches—e.g., it does not indicate the difference between a whole step and a half step, knowledge of which was so critical to Medieval and Renaissance performers and theorists.
==History==
The earliest known letter notation in the Western musical tradition appear in the textbook on music ''De institutione musica'' by the 6th-century philosopher Boethius. A modified form is next found in the ''Dialogus de musica'' (ca. 1000) by Pseudo-Odo, in a discussion of the division of the monochord.〔See "Medieval letter notations: a survey of the sources" by Alma Colk Browne (Ph. D. thesis. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1979) and "Medieval Canonics" by Jan Herlinger, in ''The Cambridge History of Western Music Theory,'' Thomas Christensen, ed., 2002. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-62371-5〕
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